Hidrogen
1
H
Grup
1
Període
1
Bloc
s
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
1
1
0
Propietats Generals
Nombre atòmic
1
Massa atòmica
1,00794
Nombre de massa
1
Categoria
Altres no metalls
Color
Incolor
Radioactiu
No
From the Greek word hydro (water), and genes (forming)
Estructura cristal·lina
Hexàgon simple
Història
Henry Cavendish was the first to distinguish hydrogen from other gases in 1766 when he prepared it by reacting hydrochloric acid with zinc.
In 1670, English scientist Robert Boyle had observed its production by reacting strong acids with metals.
French scientist Antoine Lavoisier later named the element hydrogen in 1783.
In 1670, English scientist Robert Boyle had observed its production by reacting strong acids with metals.
French scientist Antoine Lavoisier later named the element hydrogen in 1783.
Electrons per capa
1
Configuració electrònica
1s1
Hydrogen is the primary component of Jupiter and the other gas giant planets
Propietats Físiques
Fase
Gasós
Densitat
0,00008988 g/cm3
Punt de fusió
14,01 K | -259,14 °C | -434,45 °F
Punt d'ebullició
20,28 K | -252,87 °C | -423,17 °F
Entalpia de fusió
0,558 kJ/mol
Entalpia de vaporització
0,452 kJ/mol
Capacitat tèrmica específica
14,304 J/g·K
Abundància a l'escorça terrestre
0,15%
Abundància a l'univers
75%
Número CAS
1333-74-0
Número CID de PubChem
783
Propietats Atòmiques
Radi atòmic
53 pm
Radi covalent
31 pm
Electronegativitat
2,2 (Escala de Pauling)
Potencial d'ionització
13,5984 eV
Volum atòmic
14,4 cm3/mol
Conductivitat tèrmica
0,001815 W/cm·K
Estats d'oxidació
-1, 1
Aplicacions
Liquid hydrogen is used as a rocket fuel.
Hydrogen is commonly used in power stations as a coolant in generators.
Hydrogen's two heavier isotopes (deuterium and tritium) are used in nuclear fusion.
Used as a shielding gas in welding methods such as atomic hydrogen welding.
Hydrogen is commonly used in power stations as a coolant in generators.
Hydrogen's two heavier isotopes (deuterium and tritium) are used in nuclear fusion.
Used as a shielding gas in welding methods such as atomic hydrogen welding.
Hydrogen poses a number of hazards to safety, from fires when mixed with air to being an asphyxiant in its pure form
Isòtops
Isòtops estables
1H, 2HIsòtops inestables
3H, 4H, 5H, 6H, 7H