Rubidi
37
Rb
Grup
1
Període
5
Bloc
s
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
37
37
48
Propietats Generals
Nombre atòmic
37
Massa atòmica
85,4678
Nombre de massa
85
Categoria
Metalls alcalins
Color
Plata
Radioactiu
No
From the Latin word rubidus, deepest red
Estructura cristal·lina
Cos cúbic centrat
Història
German chemists Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff discovered rubidium in 1861 by the newly developed method of flame spectroscopy.
The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.
The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.
The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
Electrons per capa
2, 8, 18, 8, 1
Configuració electrònica
[Kr] 5s1
Rubidium burns with a reddish-violet flame color
Propietats Físiques
Fase
Sòlid
Densitat
1,532 g/cm3
Punt de fusió
312,46 K | 39,31 °C | 102,76 °F
Punt d'ebullició
961,15 K | 688 °C | 1270,4 °F
Entalpia de fusió
2,19 kJ/mol
Entalpia de vaporització
72 kJ/mol
Capacitat tèrmica específica
0,363 J/g·K
Abundància a l'escorça terrestre
0,006%
Abundància a l'univers
1×10-6%
Crèdits de les imatges: Wikimedia Commons (Dnn87)
Rubidium metal sample from the Dennis s.k collection
Número CAS
7440-17-7
Número CID de PubChem
5357696
Propietats Atòmiques
Radi atòmic
248 pm
Radi covalent
220 pm
Electronegativitat
0,82 (Escala de Pauling)
Potencial d'ionització
4,1771 eV
Volum atòmic
55,9 cm3/mol
Conductivitat tèrmica
0,582 W/cm·K
Estats d'oxidació
-1, 1
Aplicacions
Rubidium is used as a getter in vacuum tubes and as a photocell component.
Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.
Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.
Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.
Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.
Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium is not known to be toxic
Isòtops
Isòtops estables
85RbIsòtops inestables
71Rb, 72Rb, 73Rb, 74Rb, 75Rb, 76Rb, 77Rb, 78Rb, 79Rb, 80Rb, 81Rb, 82Rb, 83Rb, 84Rb, 86Rb, 87Rb, 88Rb, 89Rb, 90Rb, 91Rb, 92Rb, 93Rb, 94Rb, 95Rb, 96Rb, 97Rb, 98Rb, 99Rb, 100Rb, 101Rb, 102Rb