Lantani
57
La
Grup
n/a
Període
6
Bloc
f
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
57
57
82
Propietats Generals
Nombre atòmic
57
Massa atòmica
138,90547
Nombre de massa
139
Categoria
Lantànids
Color
Plata
Radioactiu
No
From the Greek word lanthanein, to lie hidden
Estructura cristal·lina
Hexàgon simple
Història
Lanthanum was discovered in 1839 by Swedish chemist Carl Gustav Mosander.
He partially decomposed a sample of cerium nitrate by heating and treating the resulting salt with dilute nitric acid.
From the resulting solution, he obtained a pale brick colored oxide of the new rare earth.
Lanthanum was isolated in relatively pure form in 1923.
He partially decomposed a sample of cerium nitrate by heating and treating the resulting salt with dilute nitric acid.
From the resulting solution, he obtained a pale brick colored oxide of the new rare earth.
Lanthanum was isolated in relatively pure form in 1923.
Electrons per capa
2, 8, 18, 18, 9, 2
Configuració electrònica
[Xe] 5d1 6s2
Lanthanum is the most reactive of the rare earth metals
Propietats Físiques
Fase
Sòlid
Densitat
6,145 g/cm3
Punt de fusió
1193,15 K | 920 °C | 1688 °F
Punt d'ebullició
3737,15 K | 3464 °C | 6267,2 °F
Entalpia de fusió
6,2 kJ/mol
Entalpia de vaporització
400 kJ/mol
Capacitat tèrmica específica
0,195 J/g·K
Abundància a l'escorça terrestre
0,0034%
Abundància a l'univers
2×10-7%
Número CAS
7439-91-0
Número CID de PubChem
23926
Propietats Atòmiques
Radi atòmic
187 pm
Radi covalent
207 pm
Electronegativitat
1,1 (Escala de Pauling)
Potencial d'ionització
5,5769 eV
Volum atòmic
22,5 cm3/mol
Conductivitat tèrmica
0,135 W/cm·K
Estats d'oxidació
2, 3
Aplicacions
Lanthanum is used in large quantities in batteries for hybrid automobiles.
It is also used to make night vision goggles.
Small amounts of lanthanum, as an additive, can be used to produce nodular cast iron.
Lanthanum carbonate is used to reduce blood levels of phosphate in patients with kidney disease.
It is also used to make night vision goggles.
Small amounts of lanthanum, as an additive, can be used to produce nodular cast iron.
Lanthanum carbonate is used to reduce blood levels of phosphate in patients with kidney disease.
Lanthanum and its compounds are considered to be moderately toxic
Isòtops
Isòtops estables
139LaIsòtops inestables
117La, 118La, 119La, 120La, 121La, 122La, 123La, 124La, 125La, 126La, 127La, 128La, 129La, 130La, 131La, 132La, 133La, 134La, 135La, 136La, 137La, 138La, 140La, 141La, 142La, 143La, 144La, 145La, 146La, 147La, 148La, 149La, 150La, 151La, 152La, 153La, 154La, 155La