Tàntal
73
Ta
Grup
5
Període
6
Bloc
d
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
73
73
108
Propietats Generals
Nombre atòmic
73
Massa atòmica
180,94788
Nombre de massa
181
Categoria
Metalls de transició
Color
Gris
Radioactiu
No
Named after Tantalos, a Greek mythological character, father of Niobe
Estructura cristal·lina
Cos cúbic centrat
Història
Tantalum was discovered in Sweden in 1802 by Anders Ekeberg in the minerals tantalite from Finland and yttrotantalite from Sweden.
Unfortunately, William Hyde Wollaston claimed Ekeberg's new element was actually niobium, which had also been discovered in 1802.
In 1846, German chemist Heinrich Rose finally proved beyond doubt that tantalum and niobium were different elements.
Unfortunately, William Hyde Wollaston claimed Ekeberg's new element was actually niobium, which had also been discovered in 1802.
In 1846, German chemist Heinrich Rose finally proved beyond doubt that tantalum and niobium were different elements.
Electrons per capa
2, 8, 18, 32, 11, 2
Configuració electrònica
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2
Tantalum occurs principally in the mineral columbite-tantalite
Propietats Físiques
Fase
Sòlid
Densitat
16,654 g/cm3
Punt de fusió
3290,15 K | 3017 °C | 5462,6 °F
Punt d'ebullició
5731,15 K | 5458 °C | 9856,4 °F
Entalpia de fusió
36 kJ/mol
Entalpia de vaporització
735 kJ/mol
Capacitat tèrmica específica
0,14 J/g·K
Abundància a l'escorça terrestre
0,00017%
Abundància a l'univers
8×10-9%
Número CAS
7440-25-7
Número CID de PubChem
23956
Propietats Atòmiques
Radi atòmic
146 pm
Radi covalent
170 pm
Electronegativitat
1,5 (Escala de Pauling)
Potencial d'ionització
7,5496 eV
Volum atòmic
10,90 cm3/mol
Conductivitat tèrmica
0,575 W/cm·K
Estats d'oxidació
-1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Aplicacions
Tantalum is used in the electronics industry for capacitors and high power resistors.
The high melting point and oxidation resistance lead to the use of the metal in the production of vacuum furnace parts.
Tantalum oxide is used to make special glass with high index of refraction for camera lenses.
The high melting point and oxidation resistance lead to the use of the metal in the production of vacuum furnace parts.
Tantalum oxide is used to make special glass with high index of refraction for camera lenses.
Tantalum is considered to be non-toxic
Isòtops
Isòtops estables
181TaIsòtops inestables
155Ta, 156Ta, 157Ta, 158Ta, 159Ta, 160Ta, 161Ta, 162Ta, 163Ta, 164Ta, 165Ta, 166Ta, 167Ta, 168Ta, 169Ta, 170Ta, 171Ta, 172Ta, 173Ta, 174Ta, 175Ta, 176Ta, 177Ta, 178Ta, 179Ta, 180Ta, 182Ta, 183Ta, 184Ta, 185Ta, 186Ta, 187Ta, 188Ta, 189Ta, 190Ta