Sofre
16
S
Grup
16
Període
3
Bloc
p
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
16
16
16
Propietats Generals
Nombre atòmic
16
Massa atòmica
32,065
Nombre de massa
32
Categoria
Altres no metalls
Color
Groc
Radioactiu
No
Known to the ancients; referred to in Genesis as brimstone
Estructura cristal·lina
Cara ortoròmbica centrada
Història
By the 3rd century, the Chinese discovered that sulfur could be extracted from pyrite.
Indian alchemists wrote extensively about the use of sulfur in alchemical operations with mercury, from the eighth century AD onwards.
In 1777, Antoine Lavoisier helped convince the scientific community that sulfur was an element, not a compound.
Indian alchemists wrote extensively about the use of sulfur in alchemical operations with mercury, from the eighth century AD onwards.
In 1777, Antoine Lavoisier helped convince the scientific community that sulfur was an element, not a compound.
Electrons per capa
2, 8, 6
Configuració electrònica
[Ne] 3s2 3p4
Penicillin is a natural, sulfur-based antibiotic
Propietats Físiques
Fase
Sòlid
Densitat
2,067 g/cm3
Punt de fusió
388,36 K | 115,21 °C | 239,38 °F
Punt d'ebullició
717,8 K | 444,65 °C | 832,37 °F
Entalpia de fusió
1,73 kJ/mol
Entalpia de vaporització
9,8 kJ/mol
Capacitat tèrmica específica
0,71 J/g·K
Abundància a l'escorça terrestre
0,042%
Abundància a l'univers
0,05%
Número CAS
7704-34-9
Número CID de PubChem
5362487
Propietats Atòmiques
Radi atòmic
88 pm
Radi covalent
105 pm
Electronegativitat
2,58 (Escala de Pauling)
Potencial d'ionització
10,36 eV
Volum atòmic
15,5 cm3/mol
Conductivitat tèrmica
0,00269 W/cm·K
Estats d'oxidació
-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Aplicacions
Sulfur's main commercial use is as a reactant in the production of sulfuric acid.
Sulfur is a component of black gunpowder, and is used in the vulcanization of natural rubber and a fungicide.
It is used to make sulfite paper and other papers, to fumigate, and to bleach dried fruits.
It is also used extensively in making phosphatic fertilizers.
Sulfur is a component of black gunpowder, and is used in the vulcanization of natural rubber and a fungicide.
It is used to make sulfite paper and other papers, to fumigate, and to bleach dried fruits.
It is also used extensively in making phosphatic fertilizers.
Elemental sulfur is considered to be of low toxicity
Isòtops
Isòtops estables
32S, 33S, 34S, 36SIsòtops inestables
26S, 27S, 28S, 29S, 30S, 31S, 35S, 37S, 38S, 39S, 40S, 41S, 42S, 43S, 44S, 45S, 46S, 47S, 48S, 49S