Potassi
19
K
Grup
1
Període
4
Bloc
s
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
19
19
20
Propietats Generals
Nombre atòmic
19
Massa atòmica
39,0983
Nombre de massa
39
Categoria
Metalls alcalins
Color
Plata
Radioactiu
No
From the English word, potash - pot ashes; Latin kalium, Arab qali, alkali
Estructura cristal·lina
Cos cúbic centrat
Història
Potassium's symbol K comes from 'kalium' the name of the element in Germany and Scandinavia.
Potassium metal was first isolated in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy, who derived it from caustic potash by the use of electrolysis of the molten salt with the newly discovered voltaic pile.
Potassium was the first metal that was isolated by electrolysis.
Potassium metal was first isolated in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy, who derived it from caustic potash by the use of electrolysis of the molten salt with the newly discovered voltaic pile.
Potassium was the first metal that was isolated by electrolysis.
Electrons per capa
2, 8, 8, 1
Configuració electrònica
[Ar] 4s1
People whose diets are low in potassium can suffer from hypokalemia
Propietats Físiques
Fase
Sòlid
Densitat
0,862 g/cm3
Punt de fusió
336,53 K | 63,38 °C | 146,08 °F
Punt d'ebullició
1032,15 K | 759 °C | 1398,2 °F
Entalpia de fusió
2,33 kJ/mol
Entalpia de vaporització
76,9 kJ/mol
Capacitat tèrmica específica
0,757 J/g·K
Abundància a l'escorça terrestre
1,5%
Abundància a l'univers
0,0003%
Número CAS
7440-09-7
Número CID de PubChem
5462222
Propietats Atòmiques
Radi atòmic
227 pm
Radi covalent
203 pm
Electronegativitat
0,82 (Escala de Pauling)
Potencial d'ionització
4,3407 eV
Volum atòmic
45,46 cm3/mol
Conductivitat tèrmica
1,024 W/cm·K
Estats d'oxidació
-1, 1
Aplicacions
The greatest demand for potash has been in its use for fertilizers.
Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and is found in most soils.
Potassium nitrate is the main explosive ingredient in gunpowder.
Potassium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of soft soaps and as an electrolyte in alkaline batteries.
Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and is found in most soils.
Potassium nitrate is the main explosive ingredient in gunpowder.
Potassium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of soft soaps and as an electrolyte in alkaline batteries.
Potassium must be handled with great care with full skin and eye protection
Isòtops
Isòtops estables
39K, 41KIsòtops inestables
32K, 33K, 34K, 35K, 36K, 37K, 38K, 40K, 42K, 43K, 44K, 45K, 46K, 47K, 48K, 49K, 50K, 51K, 52K, 53K, 54K, 55K