Vanadi
23
V
Grup
5
Període
4
Bloc
d
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
23
23
28
Propietats Generals
Nombre atòmic
23
Massa atòmica
50,9415
Nombre de massa
51
Categoria
Metalls de transició
Color
Plata
Radioactiu
No
Named after Scandinavian goddess, Vanadis
Estructura cristal·lina
Cos cúbic centrat
Història
Vanadium was originally discovered by Andrés Manuel del Río in 1801.
In 1805, the French chemist Hippolyte Victor Collet-Descotils incorrectly declared that del Río's new element was only an impure sample of chromium.
In 1831, the Swedish chemist Nils Gabriel Sefström rediscovered the element in a new oxide he found while working with iron ores.
Later that same year, Friedrich Wöhler confirmed del Río's earlier work.
In 1805, the French chemist Hippolyte Victor Collet-Descotils incorrectly declared that del Río's new element was only an impure sample of chromium.
In 1831, the Swedish chemist Nils Gabriel Sefström rediscovered the element in a new oxide he found while working with iron ores.
Later that same year, Friedrich Wöhler confirmed del Río's earlier work.
Electrons per capa
2, 8, 11, 2
Configuració electrònica
[Ar] 3d3 4s2
Vanadium is mined mostly in South Africa, north-western China, and eastern Russia
Propietats Físiques
Fase
Sòlid
Densitat
6,11 g/cm3
Punt de fusió
2183,15 K | 1910 °C | 3470 °F
Punt d'ebullició
3680,15 K | 3407 °C | 6164,6 °F
Entalpia de fusió
22,8 kJ/mol
Entalpia de vaporització
453 kJ/mol
Capacitat tèrmica específica
0,489 J/g·K
Abundància a l'escorça terrestre
0,019%
Abundància a l'univers
0,0001%
Número CAS
7440-62-2
Número CID de PubChem
23990
Propietats Atòmiques
Radi atòmic
134 pm
Radi covalent
153 pm
Electronegativitat
1,63 (Escala de Pauling)
Potencial d'ionització
6,8281 eV
Volum atòmic
8,78 cm3/mol
Conductivitat tèrmica
0,307 W/cm·K
Estats d'oxidació
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Aplicacions
Vanadium is used as an additive in steel to strengthen and protect against corrosion.
Titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy is used in jet engines and for high-speed aircraft.
Vanadium foil is used in cladding titanium to steel.
Vanadium pentoxide is used in ceramics and as a catalyst for the production of sulfuric acid.
Titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy is used in jet engines and for high-speed aircraft.
Vanadium foil is used in cladding titanium to steel.
Vanadium pentoxide is used in ceramics and as a catalyst for the production of sulfuric acid.
All vanadium compounds should be considered toxic
Isòtops
Isòtops estables
51VIsòtops inestables
40V, 41V, 42V, 43V, 44V, 45V, 46V, 47V, 48V, 49V, 50V, 52V, 53V, 54V, 55V, 56V, 57V, 58V, 59V, 60V, 61V, 62V, 63V, 64V, 65V