Fluor
9
F
Grup
17
Període
2
Bloc
p
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
9
9
10
Propietats Generals
Nombre atòmic
9
Massa atòmica
18,9984032
Nombre de massa
19
Categoria
Halògens
Color
Incolor
Radioactiu
No
From the Latin and French fluere, flow or flux
Estructura cristal·lina
Base monoclinica centrada
Història
In 1529, Georigius Agricola described the use of fluorspar as a flux.
In 1670 Heinrich Schwandhard found that glass was etched when exposed to fluorspar treated with acid.
In 1810, French scientist Andre-Marie Ampere proposed that fluoric acid was a compound of hydrogen with a new element.
The element was finally isolated in 1886 by Henri Moissan.
In 1670 Heinrich Schwandhard found that glass was etched when exposed to fluorspar treated with acid.
In 1810, French scientist Andre-Marie Ampere proposed that fluoric acid was a compound of hydrogen with a new element.
The element was finally isolated in 1886 by Henri Moissan.
Electrons per capa
2, 7
Configuració electrònica
[He] 2s2 2p5
Fluorine reacts violently with water to produce oxygen
Propietats Físiques
Fase
Gasós
Densitat
0,001696 g/cm3
Punt de fusió
53,53 K | -219,62 °C | -363,32 °F
Punt d'ebullició
85,03 K | -188,12 °C | -306,62 °F
Entalpia de fusió
0,26 kJ/mol
Entalpia de vaporització
3,27 kJ/mol
Capacitat tèrmica específica
0,824 J/g·K
Abundància a l'escorça terrestre
0,054%
Abundància a l'univers
0,00004%
Crèdits de les imatges: Images-of-elements
Fluorine gas, but only as photomontage, because fluorine reacts even with glass
Número CAS
7782-41-4
Número CID de PubChem
24524
Propietats Atòmiques
Radi atòmic
42 pm
Radi covalent
64 pm
Electronegativitat
3,98 (Escala de Pauling)
Potencial d'ionització
17,4228 eV
Volum atòmic
17,1 cm3/mol
Conductivitat tèrmica
0,000279 W/cm·K
Estats d'oxidació
-1
Aplicacions
Compounds of fluorine, including sodium fluoride, are used in toothpaste and in drinking water to prevent dental cavities.
Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) now serve as replacements for CFC refrigerants.
Fluorine and its compounds are used in processing nuclear fuel.
Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) now serve as replacements for CFC refrigerants.
Fluorine and its compounds are used in processing nuclear fuel.
Fluorine is highly toxic and corrosive
Isòtops
Isòtops estables
19FIsòtops inestables
14F, 15F, 16F, 17F, 18F, 20F, 21F, 22F, 23F, 24F, 25F, 26F, 27F, 28F, 29F, 30F, 31F