Oxigen
8
O
Grup
16
Període
2
Bloc
p
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
8
8
8
Propietats Generals
Nombre atòmic
8
Massa atòmica
15,9994
Nombre de massa
16
Categoria
Altres no metalls
Color
Incolor
Radioactiu
No
From the Greek word oxys, acid, and genes, forming
Estructura cristal·lina
Base monoclinica centrada
Història
Carl Wilhelm Scheele obtained oxygen by heating mercuric oxide and nitrates in 1771, but did not publish his findings until 1777.
Joseph Priestley also prepared this new air by 1774.
The name oxygen was coined in 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, whose experiments with oxygen helped to discredit the then-popular phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion.
Joseph Priestley also prepared this new air by 1774.
The name oxygen was coined in 1777 by Antoine Lavoisier, whose experiments with oxygen helped to discredit the then-popular phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion.
Electrons per capa
2, 6
Configuració electrònica
[He] 2s2 2p4
Green and red colors in the Aurora Borealis are caused by oxygen atoms
Propietats Físiques
Fase
Gasós
Densitat
0,001429 g/cm3
Punt de fusió
54,36 K | -218,79 °C | -361,82 °F
Punt d'ebullició
90,2 K | -182,95 °C | -297,31 °F
Entalpia de fusió
0,222 kJ/mol
Entalpia de vaporització
3,41 kJ/mol
Capacitat tèrmica específica
0,918 J/g·K
Abundància a l'escorça terrestre
46%
Abundància a l'univers
1%
Número CAS
7782-44-7
Número CID de PubChem
977
Propietats Atòmiques
Radi atòmic
48 pm
Radi covalent
66 pm
Electronegativitat
3,44 (Escala de Pauling)
Potencial d'ionització
13,6181 eV
Volum atòmic
14,0 cm3/mol
Conductivitat tèrmica
0,0002674 W/cm·K
Estats d'oxidació
-2, -1, 1, 2
Aplicacions
Pure oxygen is frequently used to help breathing in patients with respiratory ailments.
Oxygen is used in oxyacetylene welding, as an oxidant for rocket fuel, and in methanol and ethylene oxide production.
It is also used in the production of steel, plastics and textiles.
Plants and animals rely on oxygen for respiration.
Oxygen is used in oxyacetylene welding, as an oxidant for rocket fuel, and in methanol and ethylene oxide production.
It is also used in the production of steel, plastics and textiles.
Plants and animals rely on oxygen for respiration.
Oxygen gas can be toxic at elevated partial pressures, leading to convulsions and other health problems
Isòtops
Isòtops estables
16O, 17O, 18OIsòtops inestables
12O, 13O, 14O, 15O, 19O, 20O, 21O, 22O, 23O, 24O, 25O, 26O, 27O, 28O