Nitrogen
7
N
Grup
15
Període
2
Bloc
p
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
7
7
7
Propietats Generals
Nombre atòmic
7
Massa atòmica
14,0067
Nombre de massa
14
Categoria
Altres no metalls
Color
Incolor
Radioactiu
No
From the Latin word nitrum, Greek Nitron, native soda; and genes, forming
Estructura cristal·lina
Hexàgon simple
Història
Nitrogen is considered to have been discovered by Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford in 1772, who called it noxious air or fixed air.
It was also studied at about the same time by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, Henry Cavendish and Joseph Priestley.
In 1790 the French chemist Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal named the element nitrogen.
It was also studied at about the same time by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, Henry Cavendish and Joseph Priestley.
In 1790 the French chemist Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal named the element nitrogen.
Electrons per capa
2, 5
Configuració electrònica
[He] 2s2 2p3
Nitrogen is present in all living organisms, in proteins, nucleic acids and other molecules
Propietats Físiques
Fase
Gasós
Densitat
0,0012506 g/cm3
Punt de fusió
63,15 K | -210 °C | -346 °F
Punt d'ebullició
77,36 K | -195,79 °C | -320,42 °F
Entalpia de fusió
0,36 kJ/mol
Entalpia de vaporització
2,79 kJ/mol
Capacitat tèrmica específica
1,04 J/g·K
Abundància a l'escorça terrestre
0,002%
Abundància a l'univers
0,1%
Número CAS
7727-37-9
Número CID de PubChem
947
Propietats Atòmiques
Radi atòmic
56 pm
Radi covalent
71 pm
Electronegativitat
3,04 (Escala de Pauling)
Potencial d'ionització
14,5341 eV
Volum atòmic
17,3 cm3/mol
Conductivitat tèrmica
0,0002598 W/cm·K
Estats d'oxidació
-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Aplicacions
Nitrogen is used to produce ammonia and fertilizers, vital for current food production methods.
Liquid nitrogen is used as a refrigerant.
Nitric acid is used as an oxidizing agent in liquid fueled rockets.
Nitrogen is a constituent of molecules in every major drug class in pharmacology and medicine.
Liquid nitrogen is used as a refrigerant.
Nitric acid is used as an oxidizing agent in liquid fueled rockets.
Nitrogen is a constituent of molecules in every major drug class in pharmacology and medicine.
Rapid release of nitrogen gas into an enclosed space can displace oxygen, and therefore represents an asphyxiation hazard
Isòtops
Isòtops estables
14N, 15NIsòtops inestables
10N, 11N, 12N, 13N, 16N, 17N, 18N, 19N, 20N, 21N, 22N, 23N, 24N, 25N