Californi
98
Cf
Grup
n/a
Període
7
Bloc
f
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
98
98
153
Propietats Generals
Nombre atòmic
98
Massa atòmica
[251]
Nombre de massa
251
Categoria
Actínids
Color
n/a
Radioactiu
Sí
Named after California and the University of California
Estructura cristal·lina
Hexàgon simple
Història
Californium was discovered by Stanley G. Thompson, Kenneth Street, Jr., Albert Ghiorso and Glenn T. Seaborg in 1950 at the University of California, Berkeley.
It was produced by the bombardment of curium with alpha particles.
Californium was isolated in macro quantities for the first time by Burris Cunningham and Stanley Thompson in 1958.
It was produced by the bombardment of curium with alpha particles.
Californium was isolated in macro quantities for the first time by Burris Cunningham and Stanley Thompson in 1958.
Electrons per capa
2, 8, 18, 32, 28, 8, 2
Configuració electrònica
[Rn] 5f10 7s2
Californium is produced in nuclear reactors and particle accelerators
Propietats Físiques
Fase
Sòlid
Densitat
15,1 g/cm3
Punt de fusió
1173,15 K | 900 °C | 1652 °F
Punt d'ebullició
-
Entalpia de fusió
n/a
Entalpia de vaporització
n/a
Capacitat tèrmica específica
-
Abundància a l'escorça terrestre
n/a
Abundància a l'univers
n/a
Número CAS
7440-71-3
Número CID de PubChem
n/a
Propietats Atòmiques
Radi atòmic
-
Radi covalent
-
Electronegativitat
1,3 (Escala de Pauling)
Potencial d'ionització
6,2817 eV
Volum atòmic
18,4 cm3/mol
Conductivitat tèrmica
0,1 W/cm·K
Estats d'oxidació
2, 3, 4
Aplicacions
Californium is used as a portable neutron source for discovery of metals such as gold or silver by on-the-spot activation analysis.
Neutrons from californium are employed as a treatment of certain cervical and brain cancers where other radiation therapy is ineffective.
Neutron moisture gauges use californium-252 to find water and petroleum layers in oil wells.
Neutrons from californium are employed as a treatment of certain cervical and brain cancers where other radiation therapy is ineffective.
Neutron moisture gauges use californium-252 to find water and petroleum layers in oil wells.
Californium is harmful due to its radioactivity
Isòtops
Isòtops estables
-Isòtops inestables
237Cf, 238Cf, 239Cf, 240Cf, 241Cf, 242Cf, 243Cf, 244Cf, 245Cf, 246Cf, 247Cf, 248Cf, 249Cf, 250Cf, 251Cf, 252Cf, 253Cf, 254Cf, 255Cf, 256Cf